Wairua River/Te awa o Wairua

About the area/Mō te wāhi

Located at the top of the Kaipara Harbour catchment, the 75,000 hectare Wairua River catchment includes the 13,000 hectare Hikurangi floodplain, which contains the 5,600 hectare Hikurangi Swamp Scheme. Once a giant wetland, the floodplain has been largely drained and developed for agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and lifestyle blocks.

A biodiversity hotspot, the floodplain is characterised by two large wetlands (Otakairangi and Wairua), as well as dozens of small, isolated and fragmented wetland and riparian forest remnants. It also includes a very important tuna (freshwater eel) fishery.

The Wairua River flows into the Wairoa River and then into the Kaipara Harbour. The Kaipara Harbour is the largest enclosed harbour in the Southern Hemisphere, and the second largest harbour in the world. It is also known as the ‘food basket’ of local iwi and hapū in the area. The harbour has long been recognised as an extremely important nursery for juvenile fish and sharks, particularly snapper, grey mullet, flounder and mako and great white sharks.

The challenge/Te wero

In Wairua there has been a significant loss of wetland and freshwater ecosystems. Water quality is degraded due to high levels of suspended sediment. Much of this has been caused by various productive land uses in the catchment and modification of the waterway, wetland and peat soil hydrology for drainage purposes.

Living Water’s key focus was reducing sediment loads into the Wairua River by using solutions that improve hydrologic functioning and ecological resilience of the catchment.